This Whole System is wrong Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

This Whole System isn't right - Case Study Example Any businesses or associations that damage those measures are in danger of being rebuffed seriously through the forcing of approvals and other reformatory measures. These authorizations may prompt the blacklist of our items and thus a decrease in productivity. Aside from the danger presented by sanctions, you know that our organization has manufactured a decent name for itself in view of its quality items and great advertising. The issue of poor working conditions in our production lines in China may very well chaos up our notoriety and put us at loggerheads with governments and clients. I accept this is a value that would be unreasonably high for the organization to pay, considering we can found changes in those production lines and improve it for laborers there. Simultaneously, I might want to request a second glance at the times of a portion of the laborers in those industrial facilities. Youngster work is unlawful, and the work of underage specialists might be adverse to our expectations for development and long haul plans. I trust in your capacity to make the correct call since you have substantiated yourself as a capable, visionary and down to business pioneer. Let us attempt to offset our aspirations with our techniques, in light of the fact that occasionally the end doesn't for the most part legitimize the

The Barbie Phenomenon Essay Example For Students

The Barbie Phenomenon Essay The Barbie wonder surprised the world. The production of the eleven and onehalf-inch tall glitz lady didnt start at an enormous partnerships planning phase, as some may might suspect. She really came directly from the hands of her caring guardians, Ruth and Elliot Handler. The Mattel Corporation, established by Ruth and Elliot Handler, has effectively promoted the Barbie doll for more than four decades and still keeps on selling the doll all through the world. It is astonishing the effect this childs toy has had in both the corporate meeting room and the toy room, and on kids as well as grown-ups. Barbie has brought billons in deals to the primary concern of Mattel, and to grown-ups the world over who have made generous interests in Barbie assortments. Curiously enough, had it not been for the determination of one lady, Barbie may never have been conceived. Ruth Handler was brought into the world the most youthful of ten youngsters and started her vocation functioning as a transcribe r at Paramount Pictures. Her significant other, Elliot was naturally introduced to a family with four siblings and filled in as a light installation planner before coming back to class to get his specialty degree (Lord 20). In 1937 the couple chose to face their first huge challenge throughout everyday life. The two of them quit their occupations and moved from their home in Denver, Colorado, to go into business in Southern California (Lord 18). They opened their own locally situated business building plexi-glass furniture in their carport (West Interview). Not long after World War II started, the Handlers extended their business into what used to be a laundromat, and employed specialists to help in their new manufacturing plant making gems, light holders, and other plastic things (Lord 20). At that point around 1945, Mr. what's more, Mrs. Handler chose to grow their business again. The couple started their own organization, Mattel Creations with long-lasting family companion, Harol d Mattson as their accomplice. Mr. Mattsons last name was blended in with Elliots to shape the organization name Mattel (Lord 20). With the finish of the war came an expansion in the utilization of plastic, and Mattel Creations first item, a plastic ukulele called the Ukedoodle hit the toy store racks. The creation of this new toy truly helped set Mattels business moving. After the ukulele, came a jack-in-the-container, which likewise carried a lot of income to the organization. Mattel was effective to such an extent that by 1950, the organization had gathered a total assets of about a half million dollars (Lord 20). We will compose a custom article on The Barbie Phenomenon explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now While Mattel Creations was occupied with commending the achievement of their well known ukulele and jack-in-the-crate, an architect in Germany was steadily making his own perfect work of art; one that would enormously impact the plan of the Barbie doll. A man named Reinhard Beuthien made an animation character named Lilli who showed up in the comic segment of a German paper called Bild Zeitung. Before long, this one-dimensional character called Lilli was changed into a three-dimensional doll (Bad Girl 1). The doll that Mr. Beuthien created was eleven and one-half-inches tall, substance shaded and flawlessly painted (Lord 25). Her fundamental character characteristics included golddigger, free wheeler, and floozy (Lord 25). In any case, Lilli was fundamentally a provocative, grown-up male obscene toy (Bad Girl 1) not a childs good example or toy (Bad Girl 2). Back in the United States, Ruth began having thoughts, while watching her little girl Barbara play with paper dolls, of structu ring a doll with a womans body. Her girl wasnt simply playing with the dolls; she was eagerly collaborating with them (Lord 29-30). Ruth could see her little girl playing pretend in the place that is known for grown-up life and figured a real doll would be a serious wonders (Lord 30). .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .postImageUrl , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:hover , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:visited , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:active { border:0!important; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:active , .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:hover { haziness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u c95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4f d9865272213 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uc95a637204e02f5220b4fd9865272213:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: - Closest To The Sun EssaySome time later, while shopping in the midst of a get-away in Switzerland, Mrs. Handler originally observed the Lilli doll. She chose to purchase three of the dolls, one for herself and two for her little girl (Bad Girl 2). Ruth truly wasnt acquainted with Lilli or what she spoke to, yet in her, she saw the figure that she had been attempting to catch for a considerable length of time, however was told couldnt be done (Lord 29). The doll was so imperative to her that when the men at the organization told Mrs. Handler that the doll was too ladylike to possibly be made in the United States, she chose to start dev elopment elsewhere on the planet. It was a year later, in 1957, when an electronic specialist at last took the Lilli doll to be overhauled in Japan (Lord 30). These significant occasions served to at last set up Ruth Handlers place in the doll world (Tosa 29). Named after Ruths own girl, the dolls name was Barbara Joyce, or Barbie for short, and her eagerly awaited introduction at last came in March of 1959 at New York Citys American Toy Fair (Tosa 30). Barbies achievement depended intensely on how well her picture coordinated market desires and style patterns for children and grown-ups (Hein 4). In the eye of the guardians, she was an incredible toy (Hein 4). Barbie conveyed positive pictures and sound ethicalness. She wore a safety belt, turned into a space traveler, and ran for President (Hein 6), giving little youngsters dreams to make progress toward. Barbie likewise end up being an adaptable doll too. She was everything from a specialist to a fireman, a scientist, and a competitor (Hein 9-10). Not exclusively was Barbie shrewd, practical, and refined, yet for the children, she was outright fun. She had a wide exhibit of garments and embellishments, which permitted childrens minds to go out of control everywhere throughout the world (Hein 5). For the more seasoned age, she was known as a young style model, and another sort of doll from reality (Tosa 30). During that time as patterns changed, so did Barbie. At the point when the design magazines began demonstrating young ladies with tattoos and bellybutton rings, Barbie began indicating them as well (Hein 10). Correspondence for all wasnt only a genuine thing; it was additionally found in the Mattel world. Barbie created its first African American doll in 1968 (Hein 7). Presently, Mattel discharged a Spanish-talking doll, at that point as of late there was an arrival of a crippled Barbie (Hein 7). These diverse Barbie dolls were made so kids, while playing with dolls, could start to have genuine encounters (Hein 6). This fantasyland/grown-up life thought, was perhaps the best thought that Mattel had ever had, and the greatest selling point ever. The Barbie doll sold so well its first year underway, that it took three entire years to take care of the requests (Long 17). Barbies prevalence didnt before long cease to exist either. By 1965 Mattel had sold more than one hundred million dollars worth of Barbie stock. By 1968, Mattel had Barbie production lines i n Germany, England, and Mexico, and wholesalers in Italy and Belgium (Lord 59). In 1964, in the midst of all the distinction and fortune of the new doll, circumstances got difficult and the organization nearly became penniless as corporate showcasing got some distance from Barbie on different sorts of toys. The board started concentrating on electronic games than Barbie dolls, yet the games didn't sell well and the organization lost a lot of cash (Lord 15). By 1981, be that as it may, Mattel was in the groove again with thirteen new Barbie dolls available. Today Barbie is more famous than any other time in recent memory with gatherers and little youngsters the same. The normal American young lady younger than eleven claims ten Barbie dolls (Barbie Overview1), and Mattel presents more than one hundred new Barbie dolls each year!Barbie is obviously, as yet changing with the occasions and with the most recent innovation. She has new electronic games where players can decide to examine professions, shopping, dating, or gatherings with her, and her own site. She has additionally been the glad rec

summer tidbits

summer tidbits 01 im going on an alarming number of flights this summer. the two sets of flights to pheonix, arizona are work-related, but the rest comes out of my paycheck. TT im going to anime expo in LA this weekend, then visiting MIT friends in SF next weekend. im also taking a personal trip to portland, just to explore a nearby cool city on my own. :) i have no idea whats happening in august. 02 here is a graph of the flights im going on this summer, where the vertices are airports, and the edges are flights between them. i made a vague attempt at making the points geographically accurate. 03 if im at work on my macbook, this is the top bar / desktop summary i would see in mission control (swipe up with three fingers on the trackpad). i like to have chrome and the terminal on one split screen, and use fullscreen sublime text with two split panes for coding. 04 ive been interested in emyojijukugo/em (????, four-character compound words) lately. theyre (usually idiomatic) phrases that are exactly four chinese characters long and often have really interesting meanings. here are some i liked while looking at https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/idiom/. from top to bottom: ???? emhanmenkyoushi/em (bad example from which one can learn, good example of what not to do), ???? emonkochishin /em(developing new ideas based on study of the past), ???? emgishinanki/em (jumping at shadows - once you suspect something, everything else will seem suspicious), ???? eminginburei/em (hypocritical courtesy - being so overly polite that its seen as rude), ???? emshinrabanshou/em (everything that exists in the universe) 05 some short-term and long-term goals i have in apples reminders app. i said i would run more, but i honestly havent been faithful to it and i really need to. i went to a smash tournament for the first time ever a few weeks ago in seattle, and i went to another one the week after that! ...i didnt win a single match. :( but it was still fun! and my goal is to win just one match one day... 06 this is a faithful yet heavily compressed representation of my chrome history on my work computer. mostly, ive been working with python, but also learning to use a lot of other things like AWS and test libraries and jenkins and the concept of a workflow. i'm going on an alarming number of flights this summer. the two sets of flights to pheonix, arizona are work-related, but the rest comes out of my paycheck. TT i'm going to anime expo in LA this weekend, then visiting MIT friends in SF next weekend. i'm also taking a personal trip to portland, just to explore a nearby cool city on my own. :) i have no idea what's happening in august. back to text ? here is a graph of the flights i'm going on this summer, where the vertices are airports, and the edges are flights between them. i made a vague attempt at making the points geographically accurate. back to text ? if i'm at work on my macbook, this is the top bar / desktop summary i would see in 'mission control' (swipe up with three fingers on the trackpad). i like to have chrome and the terminal on one split screen, and use fullscreen sublime text with two split panes for coding. back to text ? i've been interested in yojijukugo (????, four-character compound words) lately. they're (usually idiomatic) phrases that are exactly four chinese characters long and often have really interesting meanings. here are some i liked while looking at https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/idiom/. from top to bottom: ???? hanmenkyoushi (bad example from which one can learn, good example of what not to do), ???? onkochishin (developing new ideas based on study of the past), ???? gishinanki ('jumping at shadows' - once you suspect something, everything else will seem suspicious), ???? inginburei (hypocritical courtesy - being so overly polite that it's seen as rude), ???? shinrabanshou (everything that exists in the universe) back to text ? some short-term and long-term goals i have in apple's reminders app. i said i would run more, but i honestly haven't been faithful to it and i really need to. i went to a smash tournament for the first time ever a few weeks ago in seattle, and i went to another one the week after that! ...i didn't win a single match. :( but it was still fun! and my goal is to win just one match one day... back to text ? this is a faithful yet heavily compressed representation of my chrome history on my work computer. mostly, i've been working with python, but also learning to use a lot of other things like AWS and test libraries and jenkins and the concept of a workflow. back to text ?

How is Débarquer (to Land) Conjugated in French

Think of the word debark to remember that  dà ©barquer  is the French verb for to unload, to land, or to fire. This English to French relationship is only natural since debark is a derivative of  dà ©barquer  that was first borrowed in the 17th century. Conjugating the French Verb  Dà ©barquer When you want to say landed or unloading, you will need to conjugate the French verb.  Dà ©barquer  is a  regular -ER verb  and that means its relatively simple because it follows a very common conjugation pattern. To transform dà ©barquer  to the present, future, or imperfect past tense, find the subject pronoun for that tense. Youll find the verb has a new and unique ending. For instance, I unload is je dà ©barque and we will land is nous dà ©barquerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je dbarque dbarquerai dbarquais tu dbarques dbarqueras dbarquais il dbarque dbarquera dbarquait nous dbarquons dbarquerons dbarquions vous dbarquez dbarquerez dbarquiez ils dbarquent dbarqueront dbarquaient The Present Participle of  Dà ©barquer The  present participle  of dà ©barquer  is  dà ©barquant. This is a verb, of course, yet it can also become an adjective, gerund, or noun in some circumstances. Another Past Tense Form The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a common form of the past tense in French. It requires the  past participle  dà ©barquà ©Ã‚  and you need to conjugate the  auxiliary verb  avoir. For example, I landed is jai dà ©barquà © and we unloaded is nous avons dà ©barque. More Simple  Dà ©barquer  Conjugations There may be times when you will need or read the following conjugations of  dà ©barquer. While the subjunctive and conditional are common and imply uncertainty to the action, the other two are rare. You will primarily find the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je dbarque dbarquerais dbarquai dbarquasse tu dbarques dbarquerais dbarquas dbarquasses il dbarque dbarquerait dbarqua dbarqut nous dbarquions dbarquerions dbarqumes dbarquassions vous dbarquiez dbarqueriez dbarqutes dbarquassiez ils dbarquent dbarqueraient dbarqurent dbarquassent The imperative verb form is quite simple. Its used in short sentences and here you can skip the subject pronoun. Instead of tu dà ©barque, use dà ©barque alone. Imperative (tu) dbarque (nous) dbarquons (vous) dbarquez

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Services Marketing and Customer Relationship Free Essays

Spring 2010 (Jan-Jun) Master of Business Administration-MBA Semester 4 MK0006 – Services Marketing and Customer Relationship Management – 2 Credits (Book ID: xxxxxxx) Assignment Set- 1 (30 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions. Q. We will write a custom essay sample on Services Marketing and Customer Relationship or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 a. What do you mean by physical evidence in services? Give examples. (5 marks) b. Write a note on service development. (5 marks) Q. 2 a. Briefly explain the terms â€Å"customer expectation† and â€Å"customer perception†. (6 marks) b. What are the different bases for segmentation? 4 marks) Q. 3 Recall the different services offered in a bank. Evaluate the different characteristics of services that you found excellent, average and poor in the particular bank. How do you think the bank can improve its services? (10 marks) Spring 2010 (Jan-Jun) Master of Business Administration-MBA Semester 4 MK0006 – Services Marketing and Customer Relationship Management – 2 Credits (Book ID: xxxxxxx) Assignment Set- 2 (30 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions. Q. 1 a. Discuss strategy formulation and implementation in services. (4 marks) b. Explain the scope of CRM. (6 marks) Q. 2 a. What do you mean by CRM? What are the emerging trends in CRM? (5 marks) b. Write a note on service quality with an illustration. (5 marks) Q. 3 Determine a service marketing mix for an established airline. Assume that the airline operates in more than 30 different countries and its customers are mostly regular ones. How can it distinguish its services from other competing airlines, so as to attract newer passengers? (10 marks) How to cite Services Marketing and Customer Relationship, Essays

Ballroom Dance free essay sample

Sequence dancing is still a highly popular style of ballroom dance. The definition of ballroom dance also depends on the era. Many balls have featured popular dances of the day which are now considered to be historical dances. Ballroom dancing has many different dances, and each dance has its own steps. However, one thing remains the same throughout each style; each style is performed by a man and a woman. The Waltz, a well-known ballroom dance originated in Vienna in the late 1700s and spread to the other countries. The Waltz arrived in England in the 1800s. The elegance and grace of the dance won the hearts of the royalty and the elite. It was not until the late 19th century that ballroom dancing gained popularity in the middle and working class. As ballroom dance spread to America, the Foxtrot, Swing, Rumba, Mambo, and the Cha-cha were added. In the early 1920s, competitive ballroom dance began gaining popularity. Modern ballroom dancing still holds that the left side of the woman’s chest touches the right side of the man’s chest; this custom began when the men would leave their swords on their left side while they danced. Ballroom dancing had begun to lose its popularity until recently when the media brought it back to life. Once again, you may find ballroom dancing at social gatherings, competitions, and especially at weddings. Latin Ballroom Dance is becoming very popular nowadays. It is famous for its sensual actions and sexy styles. Even those that are not fond of dancing will definitely enjoy watching the performers strut their stuff on the dance floor. This type of dancing is becoming a trend in western dance floors. More and more people are trying to learn the basics of this dance. This type of dance is easy to learn because it consists of basically all the same steps. Among these dances are: The Cha-Cha, Samba, Jive, Paso Doble, Rumba, and Salsa. Salsa is perhaps the most popular among these dances. It came from the Caribbean, and right now, the dance steps combine both European and African styles. In general, Salsa is considered a partner dance, although there are solo styles and group styles as well. Due to its popularity, Latin Ballroom Dances are being performed around the world by famous dance performers. This led to the creation of a famous dance competition where dance participants from all over the world gather to compete with each other, and whoever wins will become the contender for next year’s competition. Ballroom dance refers collectively to a set of partner dances, which originated in Germany and are now enjoyed both socially and competitively around the world. Its performance and entertainment aspects are also widely enjoyed on stage, in film, and on television, while historically, ballroom dance may refer to any form of formal social dancing as recreation, with the eminence of dance sport in modern times the term has become more pinpointed, usually referring to the International Standard and the International Latin style dances. American Smooth and American Rhythm have also been popularized and are commonly recognized as styles of ballroom dance. In times past, ballroom dancing was â€Å"social dancing† for the privileged, leaving â€Å"folk dancing† for the lower classes. These boundaries have since become blurred, and it should be noted even in times long gone, many â€Å"ballroom† dances were really just elevated folk dances. Today, the term â€Å"ballroom dance† applies to any one of the several dances in which two individuals, a leader and a follower, dance with physical contact through their upper or lower bodies, or simply their arms depending on the particular variety of dance. Since most social dancing is not choreographed, this contact is necessary for the leader to communicate the next dance move to the follower, and for the follower to respond to this insinuation. This also stands in stark contrast with the styles of dance seen in clubs and other social gatherings where physical contact tends to be optional and the individuals in question can move freely without any such restraints imposed by firm physical contact or by the necessity to follow the rhythmic pattern present in the music. Some knowledge of known step patterns is essential for both the leader as well as the follower for ballroom dancing. As most ballroom style dances require some knowledge and practice, they have lessened in popularity among the public in the recent decades. Formal competitions, sometimes referred to as Dance sport, often allow participation by less advanced dancers at various proficiency levels. Ballroom dance competitions take place worldwide at different levels. The International Olympic Committee now recognizes competitive ballroom dance. It now appears doubtful that it will be included in the Olympic Games especially in light of efforts to reduce the number of offerings, but the application has not been permanently rejected. In the United States, amateur dance proficiency levels are defined as bronze, silver, and gold for syllabus dancers and novice, prechampionship, and championship for open competitors. These levels roughly correspond to the â€Å"E† to â€Å"S† levels in Europe and Australia. Among professionals, levels classify into Rising Star and Open Professional. Eligibility and â€Å"leveling up† requirements will vary greatly between countries and sometimes within. For example, in addition to the USA Dance competitions, amateur dancers in the U. S. ften participate in competitions sanctioned by NDCA or YCN, each with its own distinct culture in addition to differing definitions of level and eligibility requirements. Ballroom dancing competitions in the former USSR also included the Soviet Ballroom dances. Australian New Vogue is danced both competitively and socially. In competition, there are 15 recognized New Vogue dances, which are performed by the competitors in sequenc e. Internationally, the Blackpod Dance Festival, hosted annually in Blackpod, England is considered the most prestigious event a dance sport competitor can attend. In competition, ballroom dancers are judged by diverse criteria such as connection, frame, posture, speed, timing, proper body alignment, proper usage of weight/ankles/feet, and grooming. Judging is inevitably subjective in nature, controversy, and complaints by competitors over judging placements are not uncommon. Scorekeepers will tally the total number of recalls accumulated by each couple through each round until the finals, when the Skating System is used to place each couple by ordinals, typically 1-6, though the number of couples in the finals can vary. Medal examinations enable a dancers abilities to be recognized according to conventional standards. In medal exams, each dancer performs two or more dances of a certain genre in front of a judge. In North America, exam levels include Newcomer, Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Championship. Each level may be further divided into two or four separate sections. Ballroom dancing isn’t mainly enjoyed by just adults, it is taught to youngsters as early as ages 5 or 6 in 1st grade in some U. S. states. Not only are they taught, but they participate in citywide competitions. They are taught randomized dances from Tango, Rumba, Swing (Jitterbug), Foxtrot, and the Merengue as a celebration to their senior year in elementary school. This competition is called â€Å"Colors of the Rainbow†. In one common usage, ballroom dance refers to the ten dances of International Standard and International Latin, though the term is also often used interchangeably with the 5 International Standard dances. The dance technique used for both International and American styles is identical, but International Standard allows only closed dance positions, whereas American Smooth allows closed, open, and separated dance movements. Other dances sometimes placed under the umbrella of â€Å"ballroom dance† include Nightclub Dances such as Lindy Hop, West Coast Swing, Nightclub two-step, Hustle, Salsa, and Merengue. The categorization has always been fluid, with new dances or folk dances being added to/removed from time to time, so no list of subcategories or dances is any more than a description of current practices. The three worlds of Ballroom Dance are Social, Competitive, and Exhibition. Which one is better? All three forms are valid, each enjoyed by their adherents for good reasons. But, it’s helpful to know how and why they differ from each other. Sometimes, it’s essential to know the differences between the styles. What is Ballroom Dance? â€Å"Ballroom Dance† is the overall umbrella term that covers all these forms: social, competitive, and exhibition. Social/ballroom dance forms are important. The earliest dance forms ever described in detail, were social, partnered dances. Many of today’s performed dance forms evolved from social dance forms that came first. The three worlds of ballroom dance share the same historical roots, similar step vocabulary, and music, so the three forms are considered siblings, related by birth. What is the essential difference between the three? The main distinction is that they have different audiences. In social ballroom, you are dancing for your partner, in competitive, you are dancing for the judges, and in exhibition, you are dancing for an audience. What are the Audience’s expectations? Social – your partners want to interact with you spontaneously for fun, doing steps that also work well for them. Competitive – Judges want to see that the steps and styles are done precisely and correctly, with great flair. Exhibition – Audiences want to be entertained, often with a preference for beautiful and/or impressive moves. What is your attitude? Social – Sociable, friendly, and kind. Flexibly adaptive, you value and accommodate to styles that are different from your own. Competitive – Rigorously correct, and expansive. The many styles outside of the official syllabus are usually considered to be incorrect. Exhibition – Performance attitude varies widely, depending on the dance’s form. What is your reward? Social – The spontaneous enjoyment of dancing with a partner. Competitive – Competing, impressing others, and winning. Exhibition – Entertaining, or impressing others, and enthusiastic applause. There are two other rewards that all three forms share; the satisfaction of becoming proficient in a dance form, and self-confidence. Is there standardization of steps and technique? Social – No, standardization doesn’t function because each partner is different. You must modify your steps to adapt to each partner. Competitive – Yes, rigorously standardized, because competitors need to know exactly what technical details the judges want to see. Exhibition – Usually not. In today’s sampling culture, audiences prefer something they’ve never seen before. Is there standardization of style? Social – Absolutely not. You develop your own personal style, different from others. Some social forms like swing, tango, and salsa, especially discourage copying other’s styles. Competitive – Yes, absolutely. You are trained to copy the style of champions before you, working hard to imitate every nuance of that standardized style. Exhibition – Usually, yes. The performers work on copying and mastering a particular performance style, and usually must match the style of the others dancing a choreographed routine. Is there a fixed choreography? Social – No, you make it up as you go along, often based on what the Follow is doing at the moment, and what occurs to the Lead spontaneously. Both Lead and Follow engage in a highly active attention to possibilities. Competitive – Yes, competitors usually perform choreographed routines that they have rehearsed. An exception is at Jack and Jill competitions, usually in West Coast Swing and Lindy Hop, with a partner that one has not danced with before. Exhibition – Yes, exhibitions are usually choreographed and rehearsed. Group routines often have everyone dancing in unison. But, improvised exhibitions do exist, especially in Swing, Tango, and Blues. Is there any split-second decision making? Social – Yes, continuously, in both Lead and Follow roles. Increasing your opportunities for split-second decision making increases your neuronal complexity. Competitive – Usually not, most decisions have been made by others, first in providing a syllabus of acceptable steps, then in choreographing the routine for you. You work mostly on style. Exhibition – Not often, most decisions have usually been made by the choreographers, and you work mostly on style. But, this is what competitors and performers usually expect, so it isn’t a problem. Another important part of the original ballroom attitude was a flexible mindset and adapting to your partner. For most social dancers, this attitude of generosity, kindness, and flexibility has never ceased, and continues to this day. Exhibition ballroom dance came next. Performative social dance forms were occasionally staged in cabarets and vaudeville at the end of the 19th century, but the performative of social dances for an audience mostly took off in the 20th century. Competitive ballroom dance came last, growing out of the sequence dancing movement in the working-class suburbs of London, where hundreds of dancers would memorize choreographed waltzes. These expanded to include sequenced one-steps, two-steps, tangos, and saunters (foxtrots). The next step is standardization. The creation and standardization of these sequence dances was controlled by several organizations which appeared at this time, most notably the Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing. The original focus was the standardization of steps, technique, and style into only one â€Å"correct† version. A primary motivation of the middle classes is upward mobility. You can raise your position in life through the mastery of skills. The working-class ethic embraced the mastery of sequence dances as a way to elevate one’s social position through perseverance and hard work. This work ethic is still visible in competitive ballroom dance today. In the early years of competitive ballroom dance, the preferred English Style was natural and understated. Then, competitions introduced the format of the elimination round, where the competition began with a fairly crowded floor, filled with all of the competitors dancing at once. The judges thinned the crowd down to a few finalists to be individually evaluated. This change in competition format resulted in a dramatic change in the look of competitive ballroom dance. The dancers had to perform far more expansive movements to stand out from the crowd. Extreme, exaggerated movements and costuming were a matter of survival, either outshining the others or being quickly eliminated. To this day, this extremely expansive style remains a distinctive difference between social and competitive ballroom dance. Of the three forms, which one is the best? It depends on the person. Dancers usually have a preference for the one that suits their personality. It is important to know the differences between them, for the following reasons: to recognize which form best matches your personality, to avoid the unfortunate mistake of applying the rules and attitudes of one form to another, and to sharpen your ability to spot deceptive marketing practices. Some ballroom studios attempt to change the minds of students who arrive wishing to learn social ballroom dance. Students usually embark on a social dance program with the expectation that they will take a few lessons, learn how to dance, and then leave the studio in a month or two. But, from a business perspective, studios and teachers are deeply invested in altering this plan. If a teacher can sell a student on competition dancing, their student will have to spend years taking dance lessons to master the difficult competition technique. Very few students enter the studio as aspiring competitors. It is only through calculated encouragement by their personal dance teacher that new students are persuaded to enter categories of competition, initiating them into the Dance sport lifestyle. Another deceptive practice that occasionally occurs is intentional bait-and-switch marketing a series of classes in competition ballroom technique as â€Å"social dance†. The two are not the same thing at all. What is their motivation? The motivations of social and competitive ballroom dance are quite different as well. You must want to go to the very top and be the very best dancer. You must be able to use your time to practice seven days a week without allowing any other influences to interfere. † as U. S. Ballroom Dance Champion Stephen Hannah describes the competitive motivation. Competitive ballroom dance is a perfect fit for those drawn to competing, so we aren’t criticizing the honest Dance sport studios. The point is that it’s smart to be aware of the many differences – technique, styling, standardization, adaptability, attitude, and motivation – between the forms. Standard/Smooth dances are normally danced to Western music and couples dance counter-clockwise around a rectangular floor following the line of dance. In competitions, competitors are costumed as would be appropriate for a white tie affair, with full gowns for the ladies and bow tie and tail coats for men; although in American Smooth it is now conventional for the man to abandon the tail suit in favor of shorter tuxedos, vests, and other creative outfits. Latin/Rhythm dances are commonly danced to contemporary Latin American music, and with the exception of a few traveling dances, couples do not follow the line of dance and perform their routines more or less in one spot. In competitions, the women are often dressed in short-skirted latin outfits while the men outfitted in tight-fitting shirts and pants; the goal being to bring emphasis to the dancer’s leg action and body movements.